# SINC: Support toward a general theory of sensor deception

> A sourced UK public sector contract award published by Defence Science and Technology Laboratory.

## Key facts

- Buyer: [Defence Science and Technology Laboratory](/buyers/defence-science-and-technology-laboratory/contract-awards)
- Supplier: [UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL](/suppliers/university-of-liverpool/public-sector-contract-awards)
- Award value: £27,503
- Tender value: £27,503
- Award date: 23 September 2022
- Published: 19 October 2022
- Contract start: 3 October 2022
- Contract end: 31 March 2023
- Stage: awarded
- Procurement category: services
- Notice ID: b8e5afd3-41d5-4de0-9b57-dd3ff3dd5e3d-582158
- OCID: ocds-b5fd17-a3bb5560-fc38-40c6-9f8d-aecc50c94203

## Description

This request covers workshop support to be delivered by the University of Liverpool to the Authority in developing a general-purpose theory of sensor deception\. In 1982 Barton Whaley proposed a general theory of deception \[1\]\. Despite being general purpose and more tailored toward psychology and human factors this was used as the basis for a description of various deceptive categories used in the sensor deception work which ran from 2017-2022\. A principal part of the deception work under Redacted was delivered via an EMR contract by the University of Liverpool \(UoL\)\. The outcomes, reports, presentations and training events showed various promising advances toward quantifying and mitigating deceptive action against sensors\. In their development of these solutions, they went some way to a mathematical description of types of deceptive behaviour\. It is on this foundation that we wish to build initial work to be delivered in SFM Counter Deception\. 1\. Whaley, B\. 1982, Journal of Strategic Studies Volume 5, Issue 1: Military Deception and Strategic Surprise\.

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## Source

[View the original notice on Contracts Finder](https://www.contractsfinder.service.gov.uk/Notice/b8e5afd3-41d5-4de0-9b57-dd3ff3dd5e3d-582158)